Mining
Malawi’s minerals sector embracing modern technologies
March 19, 2025 / Modester Mwalija
Ellasy Gulule Chimimba-
Malawi’s mining industry is undergoing a transformation as new technologies reshape the exploration and extraction of the country’s mineral resources.
In a rapidly evolving landscape, advanced tools such as drones, automated machinery, artificial intelligence, and 3D mapping are laying the foundation for more efficient, safer and environmentally responsible operations.
In an interview with Mining and Trade Review, a lecturer in Earth Science at Malawi University of Science and Technology (MUST) Ellasy Gulule Chimimba explains that the selection of technology in mining depends largely on the specific tasks for example in mineral exploration drones have proven to be a game changer
. “They allow us to map and survey areas that are otherwise inaccessible or too dangerous to reach by traditional means. This not only speeds up the process but also provides higher precision in data collection,” she says.
Chimimba explains that drones are being increasingly used to perform detailed geological surveys, making them an indispensable tool in identifying mineral-rich areas.
She says that in the case of actual mining operations in Malawi where large-scale mines are still emerging, the technology applied will vary as different mining operations require different technological solutions.
Chimimba says “operations like uranium extraction at Kayelekera Mine in Karonga might rely more on automated trackless machines with GPS tracking as these systems are designed to work in environments where human intervention is minimal, ensuring both safety and operational efficiency.”
She explains that technologies such as artificial intelligence and 3D mapping are making inroads in mining by offering capabilities for real-time data analysis and predictive maintenance in so doing reducing downtime and enhancing overall productivity.
Acting Director of Mines in the Ministry of Mining Mphatso Chikoti says that the Ministry recognizes these advancements and is fully committed to integrating modern technologies, including drones and automated systems to improve efficiency and compliance in mining operations.
He confirms that the adoption of drones has already begun in various aspects of mining, including surveying and monitoring.
“Our use of drones extends beyond mapping as they are also instrumental in environmental monitoring and compliance enforcement, ensuring that mining activities adhere to both safety and environmental standards,” says Chikoti.
He also reveals that the Ministry’s proactive approach in the adaptation of new technologies has earned international recognition including an innovation award from the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) last year.
Chikoti says the government’s strategic policies have been central to this technological push hailing frameworks highlighted in the Mines and Minerals Act 2023 and initiatives such as duty waivers on mining-related equipment. He stresses that the Malawi Government is determined to make advanced mining technologies more accessible not only to large-scale operators but also to small-scale and artisanal miners.
Chikoti says: “We understand that the initial investment for high-tech equipment can be expensive, which is why we are collaborating with development partners and financial institutions to create opportunities for miners of all scales to access and benefit from modern technologies.”
However, the path to a fully modernized mining sector is not without challenges. Both Chimimba and Chikoti acknowledge that this advancement comes with its own set of challenges.
The high cost of advanced equipment, the need for specialized training, and the reliance on imported technology are significant issues that the sector must overcome.
As Malawi navigates this technological revolution, the collaborative efforts of academia, industry and government signal a promising future for the nation’s mining sector. With ongoing investments in training and infrastructure, the integration of modern technology is expected not only to elevate operational standards but also position Malawi as a regional leader in mining innovation.
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Rehabilitation:
The establishment of a stable and self-sustaining ecosystem, but not necessarily the one that existed before mining began. In many cases, complete restoration may be impossible, but successful remediation, reclamation, and rehabilitation can result in the timely establishment of a functional ecosystem.
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Remediation:
The cleanup of the contaminated area to safe levels by removing or isolating contaminants. At mine sites, remediation often consists of isolating contaminated material in pre-existing tailings storage facilities, capping tailings and waste rock stockpiles with clean topsoil, and collecting and treating any contaminated mine water if necessary.
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